![]() The fonts available for the IBM Executive typewriters helped to convey the impression of typeset text.įonts on monospaced typewriters usually have very wide serifs on narrow letters like "i" so that they visually fill the same horizontal space as letters like "m" and "w". Prime Minister Churchill allegedly responded to Roosevelt that "although he realized their correspondence was very important, there was absolutely no need to have it printed." To a world accustomed to monospaced typewritten documents, a page of typewriting produced with an Executive.was indistinguishable from a page of typeset text. The Armistice documents that ended World War Two were typed on an IBM, as was the original United Nations Charter. The proportionally spaced typewriter immediately leaped to the apex of the world bureaucracy and administrative culture when President Roosevelt was presented with the first machine off the line. Beeching relates an anecdote that demonstrates the significance of this achievement. Characters on the Executive typewriter occupied between two and five units per grid cell, depending on the width of the letter. In 1944, IBM launched the Executive, a proportionally spaced typewriter. A skilled typist, by carefully counting letters on each line, could even produce fully justified layouts on the Executive. The Executive model differed in having a multiple escapement mechanism and four widths for characters, allowing it to simulate 12 point ' ragged right' typesetting. Standard typewriters have a fixed letter pitch, so, for example the letter "i" occupies the same space as the letter "m". IBM announced proportional letter spacing for typewriters in 1941, but IBM's World War II effort delayed the introduction of a typewriter model, the Executive, with this capability until 1944. National Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh Executive After passing through the hands of General Motors, it became The Electromatic Typewriter Co.Įxecutive electric typewriter with bold-face type and dull grey crackle finish. Electric Company then developed and produced the Electromatic, placing it on the market in 1929. Electric on a contract, however, came at a time when Remington was unable to make such a commitment, so the Remington Electric went out of production. Electric could produce." The insistence of N.E. According to Darryl Rehr, in his 1997 book, "Antique Typewriters & Office Collectibles", Remington claimed. Remington had to do little more than attach its typewriter to the base.Īll the units manufactured sold quickly and Remington wanted to continue the relationship. The typewriter portion was made by Remington, based on its model Number 12. ![]() Electric manufactured the motor and power-roller base. They reached an arrangement with Remington, securing a contract for 2,500 machines in 1925. At that time, the company was selling electric motors, and wanted to get into the typewriter business. The history of the Electromatic goes back to 1924, when the North East Electric Company received patent rights for the power roller from James Smathers. Unlike the later IBM Selectric typewriter, this typewriter model used a conventional moving carriage and typebar mechanism. The IBM Electromatic typewriter was the first electric typewriter to enjoy long-term commercial success. ![]() After 1944, each model came in both "Standard" and "Executive" versions, the latter featuring proportional spacing. They used the conventional moving carriage and typebar mechanism, as opposed to the fixed carriage and type ball used in the IBM Selectric, introduced in 1961. ![]() The IBM Electric typewriters were an early series of electric typewriters that IBM manufactured, starting in the mid-1930s. Remington model 12 with Electromatic Typewriter mechanism International Business Machines Corporation ( IBM) IBM Model A typewriter (non-Executive version)
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